Introduction
When you typically think of dark sky preservation, chances are the first thing that comes to mind are remote areas in the wilderness—typically deserts or mountains—who have strict guidelines in place so there is not a speck of light. And while these places are fantastic to observe a beautiful, light-pollution free night sky, they often require a long journey from the city.
Some communities, however, want to remove this long trek by bringing dark sky preservation to their own cities. The non-profit DarkSky International designates communities whose policies directly support the preservation and restoration of dark sky viewing as “Dark Sky Communities” [1]. As of 2026, there are 65 dark sky communities in 5 continents [2]. Together, these communities reflect a growing, international effort that aims to reduce unnecessary artificial lighting while preserving access to the dark sky.
How do Dark Sky Communities operate?
Dark sky communities are officially-recognized communities that are designated by DarkSky International through an application process that involves the assessment of lighting practices, night-sky monitoring, and community support. After an application is submitted, DarkSky reviews it before a committee grants or denies the dark sky community designation [3].
Dark sky communities follow strict lighting protocols to minimize light pollution. Among these protocols are restricting on lighting that point towards or into the sky, regulating the luminance of signage and residential lighting, promoting of warmer-colored lighting, and creating provisions for the responsible use and operating hours of public lighting [1]. In essence, these protocols are not designed to strip away lighting or turn cities dark, but rather to ensure that the lighting practices employed are more environmentally friendly.
Why should we care?
The rise of unmitigated light-pollution in urban areas through artificial lighting negatively impacts both wildlife and humans. In a study by the National Parks Service, it was noted that artificial lighting disrupts biological behavior by interrupting natural cycles of darkness. This can inhibit many essential behaviors like navigation, feeding, seasonal migration, and reproduction [4]. Furthermore, in humans, this interruption of natural cycles can lead to disruptions in human circadian rhythm, which can be felt through difficulties in sleeping [5]. Emerging research also shows that prevalent exposure to artificial lighting is linked to adverse mental health effects for individuals [6].
The prevalence of artificial lighting engenders issues far beyond just humans and wildlife. An article published by DarkSky International outlines many possible ramifications, including in economics, social justice, and public safety [7].
The development of sustainable lighting practices is epitomized through dark sky communities. By adopting the lighting practices of these communities across the world, many of the ramifications that come with excessive artificial lighting can be strongly mitigated. As such, the presence and actions of these dark sky communities can be used as a platform to spread awareness and educate the youth about environmentally sustainable lighting practices. On an individual level, simple practices such as turning off unnecessary outdoor lights can also contribute to reducing unnecessary artificial light.
Further Reading
It is highly recommended to look through the sources provided in this article’s bibliography. In particular, sources [1] and [7] are strongly emphasized in providing the most detailed descriptions of the functionality and conditions of dark-sky communities, as well as the importance of maintaining dark skies, respectively.
References
- DarkSky International. International Dark Sky Community Guidelines. View source
- DarkSky International. International Dark Sky Places Directory. View source
- DarkSky International. Apply for International Dark Sky Place Certification. View source
- National Park Service. Effects of Light Pollution. View source
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Sleep-Wake Cycle. View source
- PubMed. Research Article on Artificial Light Exposure and Mental Health. View source
- DarkSky International. State of the Science 2022. View source
